SEM and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Evaluation Of Smear Layer Removal Using Standard And Innovative Irrigation Protocols: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Aim Compare efficacy of Dual Rinse HEDP with sodium hypochlorite to in combination a finishing rinse 17% EDTA solution remove the smear layer. Materials and methods Sixteen human maxillary single-rooted, single canalled sound premolars were used. Specimens distributed into 2 groups labeled according irrigation protocol Each group consisted 8 specimens: Group 1 50% NaOCl followed by EDTA. The Rinse® mixed NaOCl. Roots prepared for SEM appraisal. layer was assessed scored. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis used analyze inorganic chemical structure treated dentin two tested groups. Data tabulated statistically analyzed.Kruskal-Wallis test tailed Mann-Whitney compared mean scores between irrigant solutions root regions Chi-square frequency distribution different Results Smear reduced group. Groups exhibited significant difference within apical region no coronal middle regions. showed A existed three NaOCl+EDTA While present HEPD Energy- dispersive lower peaks calcium HEDP. Conclusion can be as one step irrigant.